Roll.



Patented Mar. 25, I902. G. A. GERDTZEN;

ROLL.

(Apphcation filed Due. 22. 1900.)

' No. 696,l38.

2 Sheets-Sheet I.

(No Model.)

No. 696,88. PatentedMar. 25, I902.

a. A. GERDTZEN.

ROLL.

(Application filed Dec. 22, 1900.)

2 Sheets-Shed 2.

FleJZv INVENTOR A'r'roRNsxs UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GERDT A. GERDTZEN, OF MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN.

ROLL.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent N0. 696,138, dated. March25, 1902. Application filed December 22, 1900. Serial No. 40,717- onmodel.)

To all whmn it may concern: 1

Beitknown that I, GERDT A. GERDTZEN,16- siding at Milwaukee, in thecounty of Milwaukee and State of Wisconsin, have invented a new anduseful Improvement in Rolls, of which the following is a description,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which are a part ofthis specification.

My invention is of an improved roll and its parts. In using the wordroll it must be understood that the invention relates to a roll or wheelor analogous construction.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved roll, primarilyfor crushing and grinding purposes, embodying lightness in weight,strength and endurance in character, homogeneousness of quality,convenience of repair, and other advantages hereinafter enumerated orincidental thereto. Rolls or wheels for these purposes when constructedof metal are usually provided with roughened surfaces, except in somecases, as in the finishing-rolls employed in the flour milling process,where a smooth roll is generally used. For crushing purposes rolls aremade of a great variety of construction; but for grinding purposes theyare usually cast solid, or nearly so,and ground and corrugated, as theroughening of the surface is styled, or ground smooth when so required.In all cases of crushing or grinding with roughened-surface rolls theroughened surface soon wears too smooth to act properly and the problemis to renew the roughness of the surface. This is accomplished by myconstruction by a plain grinding operation, which has, to my knowledge,not been done with any other construction of roll. For all rolls usedfor service of this kind homogeneousness of quality is requilted-thatis, absence of holes, soft, or porous spots, &c. This is achieved by myconstruction, as the corrugated rings, having no thick parts and beingsubstantially of a uniform thickness, can be made homogeneous as toquality, and consequently will form a roll of uniform quality. This doesnot necessarily imply homogeneousness throughout the roll. In fact, oneof the advantages of this construction is that, for instance, alternaterings can be made hard and soft or of different materials with equalfacility.

In rolls as at present made from disks or rings each ring is supportedby bearing upon a central shaft or its equivalent unless special meansare provided to give it support from its neighbors. In my constructionthe very nature of the surfaces bounding the sides of the corrugationsof the rings provides a wedging action between adjacent rings, whichresists external, internal, or circumferential forces tending to moveany ring out of its place, or tending to change the form of the roll, sothat when the rings are simply held together axially they form a strong,rigid, hollow roll, and no support from the center is required. Thiswedging action is independent of the friction of the rings against eachother, as will be seen by cutting away large portions of alternate ringsand having the binding-bolts quite loose and then attempting to removethe remaining portions of the alternate rings from between theirneighbors. For some uses to which such a roll may be put this specificconstruction that provides unfilled spaces and yet maintains theintegrity of the roll is a valuable feature.

My invention consists of the roll, its parts,

and combinations of parts, as herein described and claimed, or theequivalents thereof.

Inthe drawings, Figure l is a view of one side of a ring adapted to forman interior section of my improved roll. Fig. 2 is a view of theexterior edge and corrugated surfaces of the ring-section of Fig. 1.Fig. 3 shows views, respectively, of the outer and inner ends of thesame corrugation of the ring-section of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a view of theinner surface of a disk or plate forming an end section of the roll.Fig. 5 is an edge'view of the section or plate of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is aview of the end of the complete roll. Fig. 7 is a side view orelevation'of the complete roll. Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate, repectively, aside and an edge view of another form of ring embodying my invention.Figs. 10 and 11 illustrate, respectively, a side and an edge view ofstill anotherform of ring embodying my invention; and Figs. 12 and 13illustrate, respectively, yet another form of ring embodying my in-Vention.

My improved roll may be made of any material or materials suitabletherefor, but for purposes to which it will be most commonly Ice put isadvisably made of cast-iron or steel. The roll is made up of endsections 8 8, preferably in disk-like form, and interior ringsections 9,bound together by bolts or rods 10 10. The roll is chiefly composed ofringsections 9 9, of a common form, in such number as necessary toconstruct a roll of such axial length as is desired. These ring-sectionsare bound together firmly, forming a rigid roll, by the roll-terminaldisk sections 8 8, placed against the respective ends of the series ofring-sections and held together by the bolts or rods 10, which areprovided with heads at one end and with nuts turning thereon at theother end.

Each ring-section 9 consists of a ring of such radial depth as to givethe roll sufficient crushing strength and wearing capability and iscomparatively thin in its axial direction or direction parallel with itsaxis,as a member of the roll. Each ring is composed of a series ofsubstantially radial corrugations. The words radial or radially in thisspecification are to be understood in their broad sense as opposed tocircumferentially, and substantially radial or radially meaning that thelength of the corrugations lies, broadly speaking, in a radialdirection. These rings are interchangeable, and the corrugations are ofsuch form that the rings fit to each other and bear against each othertheir full depth. The expression interchangeable is not meant topreclude differences in the internal or external diameters of the rings,but means that the side surfaces of each and every ring aresubstantially identical as to form, though not necessarily as to extent,so that any ring wherever placed in the roll will fit and bear againstits neighbors. This construction will be secured if the surfacesbounding the sides of these corrugations are made portions of warpedsurfaces, alternately right and left, or portions of warped surfacesalternating with portions of planes. lVarped surfaces, as the term isused in mathematical science, describes in generalsurfaces generated byaright line having its motion guided by three directrices, which may belines or surfaces. One of the warped surfaces most easily produced bymechanical means is a helicoidal surface having as directrices a helix,the axis of the helix, and a plane director perpendicular to the axis ofthe helix. The generatrix moves so as to constantly touch the twodirectrices, and so as to be constantly parallel to the plane director.

Figs. 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 illustrate rings the corrugationsof which have as their bounding surfaces some of the simpler forms ofwarped surfaces.

In Figs. 1 and 2 a ring is illustrated the corrugations of which arebounded by portions of helicoidal surfaces alternately right and left.The surfaces are generated by moving a right line so as to touch ahelixand the axis of the helix, having its difierent positions parallel to aplane at right angles to the axis of the helix. These are the samesurfaces which form the curved surfaceof the ordinary square-threadscrew.

In Figs. 10 and 11 a ring is illustrated the corrugations 15 of whichare bounded by portions of a helicoidal surface alternating with planespassing through the axis of the helix. The helicoidal surface isgenerated by moving a right line so as to touch a helix and the axis ofthe helix, havingits different positions parallel to a plane at rightangles to the axis of the helix.

In Figs. 12 and 13 a ring is illustrated the corrugations 16 of whichare bounded by portions of helicoidal surfaces alternately right andleft. These helicoidal surfaces are generated by moving a right line(dotted line 17) so as to touch a helix and the axis of the helix,having its different positions in succession parallel to the differentrectilinear elements ofa cone. These are the same surfaces which formthe curved surface of the ordinary V- thread screw.

In Figs. 8 and 9 a ring is illustrated the corrugations 18 of which arebounded by portions of warped surfaces alternating right and left. Thesewarped surfaces are generated by moving a right line (dotted line 19) soas to touch two helices, (shown in horizontal projection by theoutermost circle and the innermost circle, dotted circle 20,) havingitsdifferent positions parallel to a plane at right angles to the axis ofthe helices.

The disks 8 are each provided with a ringlike corrugated surface 13,adapted to receive against it and fit to one surface of a ring 9, and aseries of rings 9, with the terminal disks 8, are bound together by therods 10 through the roll longitudinally, the heads of the rods bearingagainst the outer surface of one disk 8 and the nuts, turning on therods, bearin g against the outer surface of the other disk 8. An axialshaft-aperture 14 is provided in each disk 8 for inserting and securinga shaft in the roll.

The uses to which this roll can be put to advantage are numerous, and,in fact, include all the various uses to which either smooth rolls orrolls with roughened surfaces or with cutting edges can be put. A commonuse to which a roll of this character can be put is as a grinding-roll,and when the roll is to be employed for grinding purposes, where aroughened-surface roll is wanted, every alternate ring may be made ofless outer diameter than the other rings, and when the rings of greaterdiameter are worn off exteriorly the alternate rings may be removed andclamped together as a roll and placed in a lathe and turned or grounddown to a less diameter and can then be replaced in the roll. Thus theroughness of the surface of the roll can be conveniently renewed by aplain grinding operation, and this because of the fact that thecorrugations are in the rings making up the body of the roll instead of,as usual, on

In a roll of this genthe surface of the roll.

eralcharacter each alternate ring maybe of softer metal, as load, thanthe other rings,

thus providing for the faster wearing away of these rings of softermetal, thereby maintaining by virtue of the hard rings constantlycutting or abrading edges on'the'rollat regular intervals and in'oblique'directions to. 'planes cutting the axis of the'roll at right an-It should not be understood that to gles. construct a roll with theserings having cutting edges that every alternate ring must be of softmetal or of less diameterthan the other rings, because every third ring,or even every fourth ring, may be of such soft metal or of less diameterthan the other rings, and thus provide cutting edges that'would besatisfactory for some purposes.

What I claim as my inventionis- 1*. A roll consisting of a series ofinterchangeable substantially radially corrugated thin rings fitting toand bearing against each other, and means securing themtogether axiallyforming a hollow rigid roll.

2; A roll consisting of end pieces and aseries of intermediaterings,veaoh ring being corrugated and formed to fit'and bear against anyother ring, the rings being interchangeable, and means binding the'endpieces and rings together into a rigid hollow roll.

3. A ring for a hollow roll 'constructed'of suitablematerial and ofuniform thickness in axial direction, and comprising a series ofsubstantially radial corrugations the corrugations having warped sidesurfaces, and the side surfaces of {the ring thus formed beingsubstantially identical as to form.

4. A ring'for a hollow roll constructed of suitable material andcomprising a series of substantially radial corrugations, the sidesurfaces of the ring thus formed being subto fit on either sideinterchangeably against 'a ringforrned with the same side surfac'ses.

74 stantially identical as to form, and adapted I 5; In combination in aroll, a series of interchangeable rings having similar substantiallyradial corrugations on their side surfaces and fitting to and bearingagainst' each other, end pieces provided on on'e'side with substantiallyradial corrugations fitting to and bearing against a surface of a'rin'g,and

means binding the rings and the endpieces together in arigid hollowroll.

6. A rollconsistingof a series of interrings having side surfaces ofsuch form as to fit againsteach other and support'each other withoutcentral support, and means binding the rings together into a rigidhollow roll.

changeable substantially radially corrugated I In'testimon'y whereof'Iaffix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

' GERDT A. GERDTZEN.

Witnesses:

C.- T. BENEDICT, ANNA FAUs'r.

